Cross Cultural Awareness

High and Low Context Communication

High Context Communication

Definition: High context communication relies heavily on implicit messages and the context in which the communication takes place. In high context cultures, many things are left unsaid, and meaning is derived from the situation, the relationships, and the shared understanding between communicators.

Characteristics:

1.     Implicit Communication: Much of the communication is indirect. The meaning is often inferred from non-verbal cues, tone of voice, and the situation.

2.    Strong Interpersonal Relationships: There is a strong emphasis on long-term relationships and trust. Communication relies on these established relationships to convey meaning.

3.    Non-verbal Cues: Body language, facial expressions, and gestures play a significant role in conveying messages.

4.    Contextual Understanding: There is a shared understanding based on common experiences and expectations. The context in which something is said is crucial to understanding the message.

5.    Group Orientation: High context cultures often emphasize group harmony and collective well-being over individual achievement.

Examples of High Context Cultures:

• Japan
• China
• Korea
• Arab countries
• Mediterranean countries (e.g., Greece, Italy)

Low Context Communication

Definition: Low context communication is explicit, with messages conveyed through words, and there is less reliance on the situational context. In low context cultures, communication is straightforward, and the meaning is clear from the message itself.

Characteristics:

1.     Explicit Communication: Information is communicated clearly and directly through words. There is less reliance on non-verbal cues.

2.    Individualism: There is a stronger focus on individual expression and achievement. Communication tends to be more direct and focused on the individual.

3.    Detailed and Specific: Messages are detailed and specific, often with a lot of explanation to ensure clarity.

4.    Verbal Precision: Words are chosen carefully to convey the exact meaning, and there is an emphasis on clear, precise language.

5.    Low Reliance on Context: The context or situation in which something is said is less important. The words themselves carry the primary meaning.

Examples of Low Context Cultures:

• United States
• Germany
• Switzerland
• Scandinavian countries (e.g., Sweden, Denmark)
• Canada

By recognising and adapting to these communication styles, you can improve your effectiveness in diverse cultural settings.