Category: Excel Training

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The AND Function in Excel

This article describes the formula syntax and usage of the AND function (function: A prewritten formula that takes a value or values, performs an operation, and returns a value or values. Use functions to simplify and shorten formulas on a worksheet, especially those that perform lengthy or complex calculations.) in Microsoft Office Excel.

Description

Returns TRUE if all its arguments evaluate to TRUE; returns FALSE if one or more arguments evaluate to FALSE.

One common use for the AND function is to expand the usefulness of other functions that perform logical tests. For example, the IF function performs a logical test and then returns one value if the test evaluates to TRUE and another value if the test evaluates to FALSE. By using the AND function as the logical_test argument of the IF function, you can test many different conditions instead of just one.

Syntax

AND(logical1, [logical2], ...)

The AND function syntax has the following arguments (argument: A value that provides information to an action, an event, a method, a property, a function, or a procedure.):

  • logical1    Required. The first condition that you want to test that can evaluate to either TRUE or FALSE.
  • logical2, …    Optional. Additional conditions that you want to test that can evaluate to either TRUE or FALSE, up to a maximum of 255 conditions.

Remarks

  • The arguments must evaluate to logical values, such as TRUE or FALSE, or the arguments must be arrays (array: Used to build single formulas that produce multiple results or that operate on a group of arguments that are arranged in rows and columns. An array range shares a common formula; an array constant is a group of constants used as an argument.) or references that contain logical values.
  • If an array or reference argument contains text or empty cells, those values are ignored.
  • If the specified range contains no logical values, the AND function returns the #VALUE! error value.

Example 1

The example may be easier to understand if you copy it to a blank worksheet.

Select the example in this article. If you are copying the example in Excel Web App, copy and paste one cell at a time.Important Do not select the row or column headers.

Selecting an example from Help

Selecting an example from Help

  1. Press CTRL+C.
  2. Create a blank workbook or worksheet.
  3. In the worksheet, select cell A1, and press CTRL+V. If you are working in Excel Web App, repeat copying and pasting for each cell in the example.

Important For the example to work properly, you must paste it into cell A1 of the worksheet.

  1. To switch between viewing the results and viewing the formulas that return the results, press CTRL+` (grave accent), or on the Formulas tab, in the Formula Auditing group, click the Show Formulas button.

After you copy the example to a blank worksheet, you can adapt it to suit your needs.

 
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A B C
Formula Description Result
=AND(TRUE, TRUE) All arguments are TRUE TRUE
=AND(TRUE, FALSE) One argument is FALSE FALSE
=AND(2+2=4, 2+3=5) All arguments evaluate to TRUE TRUE

Example 2

The example may be easier to understand if you copy it to a blank worksheet.

  1. Select the example in this article. If you are copying the example in Excel Web App, copy and paste one cell at a time.Important Do not select the row or column headers.

Selecting an example from Help

Selecting an example from Help

  1. Press CTRL+C.
  2. Create a blank workbook or worksheet.
  3. In the worksheet, select cell A1, and press CTRL+V. If you are working in Excel Web App, repeat copying and pasting for each cell in the example.

Important For the example to work properly, you must paste it into cell A1 of the worksheet.

  1. To switch between viewing the results and viewing the formulas that return the results, press CTRL+` (grave accent), or on the Formulas tab, in the Formula Auditing group, click the Show Formulas button.

After you copy the example to a blank worksheet, you can adapt it to suit your needs.

 
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A B C
Data    
50    
104    
Formula Description Result
=AND(1<A2, A2<100) Displays TRUE if the number in cell A2 is between 1 and 100. Otherwise, it displays FALSE. TRUE
=IF(AND(1<A3, A3<100), A3, “The value is out of range.”) Displays the number in cell A3, if it is between 1 and 100. Otherwise, it displays the message “The value is out of range.” The value is out of range.
=IF(AND(1<A2, A2<100), A2, “The value is out of range.”) Displays the number in cell A2, if it is between 1 and 100. Otherwise, it displays a message. 50
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Using the Count Function in Excel 2010

The COUNT function counts the number of cells that contain numbers, and counts numbers within the list of arguments. Use the COUNT function to get the number of entries in a number field that is in a range or array of numbers. For example, you can enter the following formula to count the numbers in the range A1:A20:

=COUNT(A1:A20)

In this example, if five of the cells in the range contain numbers, the result is 5.

Syntax

COUNT(value1, [value2], ...)

The COUNT function syntax has the following arguments (argument: A value that provides information to an action, an event, a method, a property, a function, or a procedure.):

  • value1    Required. The first item, cell reference, or range within which you want to count numbers.
  • value2, …    Optional. Up to 255 additional items, cell references, or ranges within which you want to count numbers.

 Note   The arguments can contain or refer to a variety of different types of data, but only numbers are counted.

Remarks

  • Arguments that are numbers, dates, or a text representation of numbers (for example, a number enclosed in quotation marks, such as “1”) are counted.
  • Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
  • Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers are not counted.
  • If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, text, or error values in the array or reference are not counted.
  • If you want to count logical values, text, or error values, use the COUNTA function.
  • If you want to count only numbers that meet certain criteria, use the COUNTIF function or the COUNTIFS function.

Example

This help topic links to live data in an embedded workbook. Change data, or modify or create formulas in the worksheet and they will immediately be calculated by Excel Web App – a version of Excel that runs on the web.

In these examples, the COUNT function counts the number of cells that contain numbers and numbers in the list of arguments.

Examples of the COUNT function

source: http://office.microsoft.com